National average spot rates for van and refrigerated freight closed last week at their highest points in nearly two years and the van load-to-truck ratio was above 5.0 for the third straight week, unprecedented for the month of August, said DAT Solutions, which operates the industry largest electronic marketplace for truckload freight.
The number of available trucks on the DAT load board network was unchanged compared to the previous week while load posts declined almost 3% during the week ending August 16. Looser capacity typically signals a drop in rates.
National Average Spot Rates, August
- Van: $2.19 per mile, up 16 cents compared to July
- Flatbed: $2.27 per mile, up 7 cents
- Reefer: $2.42 per mile, up 12 cents
These are rolling averages for the month of August, including a fuel surcharge. Spot rates are tracking well above seasonal norms. The spot van rate averaged $1.82 per mile in August 2019, a 37-cent difference versus last week’s national average.
Trends to Watch
Load-to-truck ratios softened last week. The average van ratio was just above 5.0, down from 5.2 the previous week but still easily the highest weekly average for the year. The reefer ratio declined from 8.7 to 8.3, and the flatbed ratio was unchanged at 28.3.
Van rates are strong on high-volume lanes. The average spot rate was higher on 55 of DAT’s top 100 van lanes by volume compared to the previous week. The number of loads moved increased on 81 of those 100 van lanes by a total of 8.2%.
Inbound traffic slows in warehouse hubs: Following a surge of imports in June, inbound spot van load volumes have slowed in several major on-demand warehouse fulfillment freight hubs, including Stockton and Ontario, Calif.; Phoenix; Denver; Joliet, Ill.; Elizabeth, N.J.; Allentown, Pa.; Indianapolis; Memphis; and Lexington, Ky. This suggests that certain retail inventories have been replenished after a roller-coaster six months.
Southern California remains a reliable source of spot van freight. Outbound volumes from Ontario rose for the fifth straight week and are up 31% month over month. Rates followed suit, peaking at $2.85 per mile (excluding fuel) on the Ontario-Dallas lane, which was the No. 1 outbound destination from Ontario. Los Angeles recorded the third-highest load counts to Dallas for a combined 11% of all SoCal loads into Dallas last week.
Reefer volumes top out on high-traffic lanes: The average rate increased on 46 of DAT’s top 72 reefer lanes last week, although the total volume moved was unchanged week over week.
Northeast reefers heat up: The U.S. Dept. of Agriculture reported that seasonal year-over-year produce volumes decreased last week by 17% for imported truckload shipments. One bright spot for imports: Elizabeth, N.J., where outbound reefers averaged $2.23 a mile last week, up 21 cents since the beginning of August. Elizabeth to Boston averaged $5.23 per mile. Rates into Boston are typically high compared to national averages because of traffic and tolls, plus low rates and low demand for loads leaving Boston. But that’s an exceptional rate even when considering those factors.
Produce season in the Pacific Northwest is hitting its stride. Medford, Ore.; Portland, Ore.; Pendleton, Ore.; and Twin Falls, Idaho, are key markets in the region with outbound reefer load volumes up 18% week over week and 30% month over month. Cherries, pears, apples, and peaches are keeping carriers busy; even potatoes require refrigeration this time of the year, with a trailer set-point of 50 degrees.
Lumber, building, and construction sectors dominate flatbed demand. Hurricane season remains the wild card to watch in this sector. Opportunities on the spot market tend to increase both before and after severe weather arrives: prior to a storm, shippers are repositioning freight away from potentially affected areas; afterward, flatbed carriers are in demand to move machinery and construction supplies. Watch the weather—and the load board.
